Technical Japanese

等式 2 +3 = 5 で、2は被加数です。次に 3 は加数です。最後に5 は和です。
とうしき 2 + 3 = 5 で、 2 はひかすうです。つぎに 3 はかすうです。さいごに5 はわです。
In the equation 2+3=5, 2 is the augend. 3 is an addend. Finally, 5 is the sum.

次に – つぎに – next
最後に – さいごに – in conclusion　

等式 2 * 3 = 6 で、2は被乗数です。次に3は乗数です。最後に6は積です。
とうしき 2 * 3 = 6 で、2はひじょうすうです。つぎに3はじょうすうです。さいごに6はせきです。
In the equation 2 * 3 = 6, 2 is the multiplicand. 3 is the mulitplier. Finally, 6 is the product.

That’s few long and relatively complex sentences, so I’ll leave it there for now.
じゃ、またね

Well, there a quite a few words related to arithmetic, so here is a second post on the topic.

First the basic operations themselves:

加法 – かほう – Addition
減法 – げんぽう – Subtraction
乗法 – じょうほう – Multiplication
除法 – じょほう – Division

More details on addition:

被加数 – ひかすう – augend
加数 – かすう – addend
å’Œ – わ – sum

More details on subtraction:

被減数 – ひげんすう – minuend
減数 – げんすう – subtrahend
å·® – さ – difference

More details on multiplication:
被乗数 – ひじょうすう – multiplicand
ä¹—æ•° – じょうすう – multiplier
積 – せき – product

More details on division:
被除数 – ひじょすう – dividend
法 – ほう – divisor
商 – しょう – quotient
剰余 – じょうよ – remainder

Notice that augend, minuend, multiplicand, and dividend all begin with the kanji 被, in this case meaning receiving the action of the arithmetic operation. In a mostly unrelated aside, this is also the kanji used with 法, which means divisor, in:

法被 – はっぴ – happi

which is the short, brightly colored coat with a large symbol on the back often worn at festivals. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happi After noticing this, I will certainly think of division every time I see someone wearing this coat. It’s always nice to have something else to remind you of math ^^;

Well, that’s quite a bit of vocabulary for one post, I will try to put some more sentences in the next one.

Relevant Links:
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/加法　
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/減法
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/乗法
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/除法

明けましたおめでとうございます。
Happy New Year!

Well, I’m back after a Christmas/New Year break.

I realized there were more fundamental words words than those I started with in my Basic Math post, so today I wanted to go over the arithmetical operations, in case you’re not familiar with them yet.

足す – たす – Add
引く – ひく – Subtract
掛ける – かける – Multiply
割る – わる – Divide

The sentence patterns for using these differ somewhat as well:

1足す1は2。 – 一足す一は二。 – One plus one is two.
5引く2は3。 – ごひくにはさん。 – Five minus two is three.
6掛ける3は18。 – ろくかけるさんはじゅうはち – Six times three is eighteen.
9割る3は3。 – きゅうわるさんはさん。 – Nine divided by three is three.

It is common to use Arabic numerals rather than Japanese characters, especially when talking about mathematics.